Tag: electric resistor

Personal Protective Equipment For Hot Work
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When working in a high heat environment – including gas welding and cutting, electric arc welding, and carbon arcing or plasma arc cutting – you are exposed to a number of hazards, specifically:

• Molten metal,
• Toxic gases, fumes, and vapors
• Harmful radiation
• Excessive noise
• Electrical shock
• Fire hazards

Personal Protective Equipment is an important step in protecting against these hazards (and in most situations, is an OSHA requirement). The type of work being performed will dictate the safety gear that needs to be worn. However, there are five categories of equipment that should be considered when doing all hot work.

• Respirators: Respirators provide protection from the inhalation of harmful gases, fumes, and vapors. Respiratory protection needs to be considered when hot work is performed in confined or enclosed spaces. Air-purifying respirators should be worn when doing hot work on surfaces containing lead, cadmium, or mercury. Supplied air respirators (air-line respirators) should be used when hot work is performed on beryllium. Respirators may also be necessary when working on surfaces covered with toxic substances, such as solvents or paints, since the high temperatures involved may vaporize these materials.
• Eye protection: Using appropriate eye protection is important to protect your eyes from both ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) radiation. Welding, cutting, and burning goggles which are shaded are used to protect from UV and IR radiation. To protect your face from flying materials such as slag, a face shield should be used in conjunction with goggles. Welding helmets with shaded glass viewing ports are used during carbon arc welding to protect the face, neck, and eyes from UV and IR radiation. When selecting eye protection for hot work, it is very important to ensure that the proper lens shading is used for the work performed. (And remember that anyone working or standing near the work area should also wear appropriate protective eyewear.)
• Protective clothing: Hot work (obviously) produces heat, creating a burn risk. Protective clothing helps to reduce the chance of burns from sparks and slag. For high temperatures, the best protective clothing is leather or fire retardant garments. When wearing leather or fire retardant garments, it’s important to remember that the protection they offer will be compromised if they are soiled with oil, grease, solvents, or other flammable or combustible substances or if they are in poor condition (holes, fraying, etc.). Pants should not have cuffs. Also, if garments have open pockets, the pockets need to be Velcroed or taped shut to prevent sparks or slag from entering.
• Foot protection: Heavy objects (metal plates, for example) and falling sparks and slag can cause foot injuries. High-top leather boots or low-top leather boots in conjunction with leather spats provide protection from sparks and slag. In order to protect toes from heavy objects that are dropped, the boots should be safety (steel-toe) boots.
• Hand and wrist protection: Hand and wrist protection are also important PPE because high temperature tasks expose your hands to cuts and burns (both from heat and UV or IR radiation). Leather welding gloves generally provide the necessary protection during hot work. Leather gloves also provide a degree of cut resistance-an important factor when handling sheets of metal or other sharp materials. For carbon arc welding, long-cuffed leather gloves are most appropriate, and for welding, cutting, or burning, short-cuffed welding gloves. Like protective clothing, in order to provide adequate protection, leather welding gloves need to be in good repair and free from flammable and combustible materials such as oils, grease, and solvents.

Other PPE to Consider

Other PPE that should be considered depending on the task and work area including:

• Hearing protection for environments with very loud intermittent noise or persistent loud noises.
• Head protection (i.e., a hard hat) for work areas where there are potential overhead hazards from falling objects or materials.
• Personal floatation devices when working in an area where there is potential for falling into the water.
• Fall protection systems such as positioning systems or personal fall arrest systems for work performed at heights.

PH Meters and Their Working
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Acids and bases have free hydrogen and hydroxide ions in an aqueous medium. A solution with more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions is said to be basic, and one with more hydrogen ions is said to be acidic. A pH meter uses an electric probe to find the pH of a solution.

The pH meter contains two electrodes, called the sensor electrode and the reference electrode. They both contain wires made of silver and coated with silver chloride. They contain glass tubes with solutions of pH 7 buffer and saturated potassium chloride respectively. There is a small bulb at the end of the sensor electrode which is made of a permeable glass membrane with silica and metal salts. This membrane is made very thin so as to reduce the resistance caused by it. It is this bulb which is dipped in the desired solution in order to measure pH.

When the probe is dipped in a solution, hydrogen ions replace some of the metal ions from the bulb. Hydrogen ions, being much smaller in size than metal ions, have a much greater drift velocity. This increase or decrease in hydrogen ion concentration depending on the acidity or alkalinity of the solution changes the voltage measured.

The pH meter can thus, be thought of as a battery, with the voltage varying with the pH of a solution.

pH is a temperature dependent variable, and pH meters, therefore, often contain automatic temperature compensation, wherein the temperature is fed to the meter, and pH is automatically calculated for that temperature.

Calibration of the pH meter is one of the most vital parts of using a pH meter. The meter merely measures voltage and needs a reference so that the pH can be calculated from it. For this purpose, buffer solutions are used, which have constant pH values and resist change in pH. One of the buffers used is the pH 7 buffer, which puts the probes at the isoelectric point. The other buffer used is either pH 4 or pH 10, depending on the nature of the solution to be measured. The temperature of these buffers must be at 25 C.

Some precautions to be observed while handling pH meters are that the probe must be rinsed thoroughly after each use. De-ionised water is used for this because ions present in normal distilled water may interfere with the calibration. The probe must never be wiped, because this leads to a build-up of electrostatic charge, resulting in erroneous readings. The electrode must be completely immersed in the sample and stirred gently to give a homogeneous sample. The bulb of the probe is very fragile, and must always be handled with caution. It must always be kept wet and stored preferably in a pH 5 buffer.

Maintaining pH is very important in biological scenarios, and plays an important role even in day-to-day life, unbeknownst to common man. For instance, soil at a particular pH is good for certain crops. Also, maintaining pH prevents milk from turning sour. Organisms usually maintain their biochemical processes within certain pH limits. pH meters are thus, vital for the pharmaceutical industry, among other industries, since they help analyze products and ensure safety and quality.

Some Important Features of Silicon Carbide
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Silicon carbide or SiC is of growing importance in the industrial sector. As they largely used as abrasives, it has become very important to select the right quality of the compound. These will help to gain greater productivity of the compound.

Knowing About Silicon Carbide

Most people know silicon carbide by the name of carborundum. Clearly, the name of the compound suggests its composition. The compound is formed by reaction of silicon and carbon at a certain proposition in suitable surroundings. This is a rarely found mineral. The mineral is called by the name of moissanite. When sand and carbon is exposed to electrochemical reaction at high-temperature condition, moissanite is formed.

Physical Features of Sic

The compound is Crystalline in nature. It does not have any color in the pure form. There might be some with brown to black color. This is because of the presence of iron in it.

Properties of Sic

• The pure form of silicon carbide is a semi-conductor. However, to gain metallic conductivity, it has to be doped heavily with nitrogen, aluminium or boron.

• The compound has low density but has a higher strength.

• It does not melt easily as it has high melting point.

• It undergoes low thermal expansion if exposed to extreme temperature conditions. It also has high thermal conductivity.

• A ceramic made of silicon carbide is very hard. It exhibits thermal shock resistance.

• The compound does not easily mix with other chemicals. This is because it has got superior chemical inertness.

• It is resistant to corrosion.

What Is the Commercial Grade Silicon Carbide?

There are mainly three types of commercial grade SiC. These are nitride bonded, sintered and reaction bonded. They are of high performance in their application. The technical grade compounds have good mechanical properties. That is why they are widely used in the industrial areas. The engineers are trying their level best to bring about further advancement with these compounds.

Applications of Sic

As it is a hard material, it is used for grinding, sandblasting, water-jet cutting machines and honing. The smaller particles are used for making sandpaper. They are also used to make bullet proof jackets. In the high-temperature kilns, they are used as shelving and supporting materials. They are also used in the electric systems. As a part of the automobiles, they have the power to withstand great temperature and pressure conditions.

Other than these they are used as jewelry, astronomy, steel production, etc. To know further details, you can check the internet.

A Brief History of Coffee Grinders
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Coffee beans were discovered around 900 A.D. and were first used as a beverage in Yeman. It is also where the coffee beans were first ground. Before we talk about the grinding, we need to step back and look at how coffee cherries were first turned into coffee beans. Coffee cherries were first picked from coffee bushes or trees depending on how well they grew. These Arabica coffee cherries were picked when the cherries were a bright color. They were then put in the fire and roasted until the cherries burst open. This process produced two roasted coffee beans from each coffee cherry.

Now, lets talk about how they were ground. People in the Middle East were already grinding grains and spices. They were grinding them by simply pounding between two rocks or using a pestle and mortar. The pestle and mortar were made mainly from stone and wood because they had resistance to absorbing the chemicals that left flavors and scents of various foods. Coffee beans, although much tougher, were also ground by this method. However, even though they were boiled first because they were tougher than grains and spices, they were not ground very fine. The coarsely ground beans were put in a special copper or brass coffee maker called an Ibrik. An Ibrik is somewhat round on the bottom half and then had a straight body the rest of the way up. There was a long fairly wide spout at the top and a metal strap handle in the shape of a large C connected to the pot. Drinkers strained the coffee through their teeth to get the full flavor of the coffee. Today, some still grind the coffee beans with a pestle and mortar. To get the consistency of a drip grind, it takes up to ten hours of grinding with a stone pestle and mortar by hand.

As the coffee beans were exported by traders to different parts of the world, coffee grinders were created using some other kind of apparatus. When coffee reached Europe, spice grinders that were already being used were the first step towards the mechanical coffee grinder. It is believed that the first bean grinder was produced as early as the 14th century in Europe. The first known coffee grinder was mass produced in the early 1800’s in France, but the inventor remains unknown.

By the mid-1800s, various coffee grinders were seen in almost every home in Europe and America. Most of the coffee grinders had a grinding handle on the top of a box that was set inside a bowl shaped holder of roasted coffee beans. The bottom of the box had a drawer that held the coffee beans after being ground. Some grinders were elaborately made and decorated. Today’s household coffee grinders are mainly electric and use ceramic burrs or stainless steel blades to grind coffee. Commercial use grinders however use only ceramic burrs.

Adjusting to Winter Cold For an Italian Greyhound
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An Italian greyhound can adapt to a variety of environments quite well, but they are not natural winter dogs. They are not a double-coated breed which means that their hair is not meant to retain body heat in the same way a Siberian Husky’s might.

An Italian greyhound also maintains a lean body weight without excess body fat, and fat is partly what helps keep a dog warm. This doesn’t mean create a fat puppy! It just means the IG’s natural body structure is not made for cold climates.

For those IGs that live in colder climates or where there is even snow, certain things should be done in order to insure that the dog stays as warm as possible throughout those cold months of the year.

Here are a few tips to keep your Italian greyhound warm during the winter:

o Clothes! This isn’t about a fashion statement, but dogs with close hair coats should always wear a fleece coat or warm sweater when going outdoors. Many of these dogs also appreciate wearing the sweater around the house too. It helps trap body heat close to the Italian greyhound’s skin and body.

o Give your dog plenty of warm beds in the house. Some dogs like snuggle-type dog beds, which help the dog stay warm by balling up inside. You can also purchase dog beds with built in heaters or you can purchase a special electric heater that can be placed within any kind of dog bed.

If you’d rather not use an electrical blanket or bed, you can use human body wraps that are heated in the microwave or create your own. Fill up a small fabric square or pillow with rice or beans and sew shut. This pillow can be heated in 30 second intervals up to 1 ½ minutes.

o Remember to try and locate your Italian greyhound’s bed away from any drafts or cold spots like concrete or tile. Instead, look for an area that receives warm natural light through a window each day, as dogs love to sun themselves.

o Don’t leave your Italian greyhound outside. These are not outdoor dogs, especially in winter cold weather.

o Sometimes it is advantageous to feed your IG a bit more food during the winter, especially if he shivers often. Adding a small amount extra gives him additional calories and fat so he doesn’t lose any of his current weight. It’s okay if he gains up to 2-3 pounds during the winter but no more than that!

An Italian greyhound, while not a natural cold weather breed, can learn to adjust to his environment well so long as he is an indoor dog, has plenty of warm clothes and bedding, and receives a tad more food.

Rice Mill Machinery – What It Includes
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Rice milling is done to remove the husk and the bran layers from paddy rice to produce whole white kernels. This rice is sufficiently milled, free of impurities and contains minimum broken kernels.

Rice Huller

A rice huller is a machine used to separate husk (chaff) of grains from the rice. A machine built for this purpose known as Engelberg huller was designed in Brazil and is commonly used in Asia. The machine uses steel rollers to remove the husk.

There are three types of hullers according to their power usage: mechanical huller running on gasoline, electric rotary huller and hullers that can use several sources of power

Modern Rice Mill Machinery

The commercial mills use a multi-stage milling process which gives a high quality and output of rice.

The whole process has a number of machines that perform different functions.

Pre-cleaning

After rice has been harvested and dried, it must be separated from additional debris. Large mechanical separators sift and filter rice.

Husk Removal

The husk layer is removed from the paddy by friction and the process is called de-husking or de-hulling.

Types of husking machines

Steel Huller

It removes the husk and whitens the rice in one pass. Paddy is fed between a revolving steel shaft and a cylindrical meshed screen. These machines take approximately 15-20 hp to run.

Under Runner Disc Sheller

This machine has two steel emery coating discs. The upper disc is stationary while paddy flows from a centrally located hopper between the surfaces of the revolving lower disc and stationary upper disc. Resistance between the emery surfaces removes the husk leaving brown rice kernel.

This is an economical machine which produces a moderate amount of broken grains with a hulling efficiency of 85-90%.

Rubber Roller Huller

There are two rubber rollers (same diameter) as the name suggests which operate at different speeds to remove husk. One roller has a fixed position while the other is adjustable to meet the desired clearance. The adjustable roller rotates slightly slower than the fixed roller. The machine has an aspirator at the base to separate the hulls from brown rice.

This method has efficiency as high as 85-90 % with minimum broken grains.

Paddy Separation

The output from the huller is a mixture of paddy rice, brown rice, husk and broken paddy. The paddy separators then work by making use of the differences in specific gravity, buoyancy and size between paddy brown rice.

Polishing/whitening Process

The process of rice polishing is classified as Abrasive (less pressure and suited for larger grains) and Friction (forced against each other applying more pressure on the grain). We then get white rice irrespective of the process used.

Bagging

The fifth and final process is bagging in which a good rice mill will produce 50-60% head rice (whole kernels), 5-10% large broken and 10-15% small broken kernels. This is packed and bagged ready for transport.

Main Advantages About Ceramic Bearings
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As important machinery parts, ceramic bearings have unmatched superior performances. Over the past decades, they have been increasingly widely used in many different industries such as aerospace, marine, nuclear industry, petroleum, chemical industry, textile industry, metallurgy, electric power, food, motorcycles, subway, and high-speed machine tools and so on. Their particular function is gradually recognized by people.

With the progress of the processing technology, costs of ceramic bearings have been declined. As in the past, they can only be used in some high-precision and advanced range of application areas. But now, they are gradually extended to various industries. Market prices of products are also gradually close to the practical situations. They are more acceptable to the users.

In recent years, research and development on ceramic bearings has yielded fruitful results and achieved substantive progress. They have been applied in machine tools, chemical industries, aerospace and many other fields. Obviously, they play a rather important part in the industries.

When compared to the steel bearings, these bearings have many specific advantages. Firstly, they have higher rotating speed and acceleration capacity. They can be operated under the conditions whose DN are more than 3 million. Meanwhile, they can reduce the possibility of slipping, wear and heating. Secondly, they have long service life and resistance to wear.

The fatigue life of full ceramic bearings is expected 10-50 times longer than steel bearings. Even the hybrid ceramic bearings have life span which is 3-5 times longer than the steel bearings. Thirdly, they require less lubrication. Because the coefficient of friction of ceramic materials is low, even the lubricant oil becomes thin; its lubricating ability is still as good as traditional lubricants on steel bearings. Fourthly, they are more corrosion-resistant.

Ceramic materials are inert materials and it is more resistant to corrosion and abrasion. Fifthly, they have high rigidity. Due to the high elastic modulus of the ceramic materials, the rigidity of bearings is 15-20% than the ordinary steel bearings. Sixthly, they can work under high temperature. Seventhly, their torque is low. According to the structure of ceramic bearings, their torque decreases by about 1 / 3. Eighthly, they are not magnetic and not conductive. They can avoid the damage of the magnetism and the electricity.

According to the above, we can safely draw the conclusion that ceramic bearings are increasingly important in our industries. With the development of the research and a large number of manufacturing technology breakthroughs, the application of ceramic bearings under the condition of high speed, high temperature will have very good prospects.

African Engineers: Green Cutlasses
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In an age in which Greens preach more loudly than Christians it is fitting that popular Biblical quotations find new green expressions. In Ghana, grassroots engineers have reinterpreted Isaiah’s vision of turning swords into ploughshares by turning worn out band-saw blades into farming cutlasses. Band-saws are used in Ghana’s numerous sawmills to turn its mighty forest trees into wooden planks, but making cutlasses from the old blades is helping small farmers to feed themselves and their village communities. Although this activity does nothing directly to preserve the forests it does recycle precious imported material and preserve it for use in a greener setting.

Band-saw blades are made of specially formulated carbon steel that combines the properties of hardness with flexibility and shock resistance. The metal can provide a sharp and durable cutting edge with the capability to run bent around steel rollers in a continuous loop. According to veterans of the sawmilling industry, all that these blades cannot survive is meeting a large rock that has been carried up by the tree as it grew and become embedded deep within its enormous trunk. Needless to say, steel of this quality is ideal for farmers’ cutlasses used for weed control and clearing scrub.

In informal industrial areas, or kokompes, like Suame Magazine in Kumasi, a cutlass maker’s workshop is identified by a pile of old band-saw blades lying nearby. The conversion process is really hard work. The material is so hard that it can be cut only by a hammer and chisel. The sharp cutting edge of the chisel can survive only a few blows before it needs re-sharpening and this is effected with the aid of an electric grinding machine, usually mounted on an old wooden bench. By this arduous process the outline of the cutlass blade emerges from the flat steel sheet of the old band-saw blade.

The shape of the cutlass blade includes the outline of the handle. Two holes are punched to allow a wooden handle to be held in place by rivets. The two wooden parts of the handle are usually made by a carpenter and supplied ready shaped to be fixed by the cutlass maker. With a wooden half-handle placed on each side of the steel blade, holes are drilled through the wood and the three-part sandwich is held firmly together by two steel rivets. The cutlass is finished by sharpening the cutting edge on the same grinding machine used for re-sharpening the chisel. When well crafted, as many of them are, the locally made cutlasses are of comparable appearance and effectiveness as imported models.

The high priests of the green movement would like to see the complete preservation of the tropical forests. This would entail the cessation of logging, the closure of sawmills and the eventual demise of the local grassroots cutlass industry. Ghana’s farmers would become dependent on imports, or local production based on imported material, for all of their cutlasses. No doubt, set against the larger green aspiration, this sacrifice would be easily made.

Carp Fishing Tackle Review: The Daiwa Windcast S-5000 Reel
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When you’re fishing for carp, you need your gear to be tough and reliable. For me, though, there’s a third criterion: price. There has to be a positive relationship between the cost of a reel and the way it performs. To be honest, I do enjoy stalking bargains almost as much as stalking the noble carp. Although I usually don’t opt for the lowest price, I shop carefully for carp fishing tackle that offers mid-priced bargains. Once reel I’ve recently discovered fits the bill quite nicely: the Daiwa Windcast S-5000.

Carp Fishing Tackle: Key Features of the Daiwa Windcast S-5000 Reel

Priced at about £99.99 on special offer, the Daiwa Windcast S-5000 reel is a great piece of carp fishing tackle. The reel has been redesigned, and has a higher level of performance, along with a new shape and updated look. If you’re looking for a reel that offers an ideal combination of speed and distance in casting, the S-5000 merits a serious look. Adaptable to many different fishing styles, this reel will quickly become a major ally in your hunt for the elusive carp. One feature I quickly noticed is that the spool is precisely tapered to release and deliver line at top speed.

Carp Fishing Tackle: More About the Daiwa Windcast S-5000 Reel

Still on the topic of line, I wanted to mention that the S-5000 has a HIP high impact line clip. There’s also a built-in cushion on the pin that gives the angler plenty of pinpoint casting accuracy. Anglers familiar with Daiwa reels will be glad to know that they’ve included all features we’ve come to expect from quality Daiwa reels, including AirBail, Twist Buster, DIGIGEAR, and Castlock. I particularly appreciate the AirBail feature, because it has a hollow tubular stainless steel bail that’s incredibly resistance to deformation. Digigear is Daiwa’s proprietary design process that ensures the perfect combination of the drive gear with the pinion gear. The drive gear is made from a surface treated, super-tough alloy, and the pinion gear is made from marine bronze. This gearing system makes the S-5000 an incredibly durable and powerful reel with plenty of speed. As fishing tackle goes, this is one reel I reach for often.

Carp Fishing Tackle: Final Thoughts on the Windcast S-5000

The S-5000 is a consistent best seller in Daiwa’s product range, and in fact broke sales records when it was launched. Daiwa’s marketing manager puts it thus: “The Windcast reel range has very quickly become our fastest selling big pit series ever. We had a brilliant reaction at trade shows from both dealers and press who have really taken to the range, so much so that we have had to increase our assembly of them.” This is one of my favourite pieces of carp fishing gear because it performs consistently. No surprises from this solidly built reel!

When shopping for top-quality carp fishing tackle, do be sure to consider the feature-packed Daiwa Windcast S-5000 reel.

Top 10 Gas Scooters
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Many manufacturers of gas scooters have come and gone in the past 10 years. It has become a very competitive industry; especially since the influx of cheaper Chinese brand clones entering the U.S. market. That being said, the quality gap between USA made and Chinese made scooters still heavily tilts in favor of the USA branded scooters. It is no surprise that 10 out of the 10 top gas scooters are all USA made scooters.

1. EVO 2X Powerboard

The Evo 2X is a third generation gas scooter from Puzey Design. The Evo brand powerboards are the highest quality products on the market and the fastest scooters ever built. The 2-speed gearbox is a patented, unique drive system that is the heart of the Evo 2X. It is the first two speed scooter in the world.

The range of applications of powerboards and scooters have thus far been limited by low revving, low horsepower engines. Now with the 2-speed gearbox, you can have the power when pulling off, or going uphill, in first gear and have the top speed with 2nd gear. Steep hill climbs for riders over 250lbs are no problem for the Evo 2X.

Another technological advancement found in the Evo 2X is the patented Cam-Link suspension. It is a true suspension system that offers a smooth ride, while offering excellent resistance when landing after jumps. Once you try it you will simply see there is nothing like it. This suspension is the strongest, most robust front suspension in the industry today.

The Evo 2X is one of the most reliable scooters ever produced. The steel and T6 aluminum frame are nearly indestructible. There have been reports of Evo scooters going 1300 miles without even replacing a belt.

Things you’ll never have to replace include:

The Frame and Suspension – Even though this scooter is largely designed with light weight aluminum, it is reinforced with steel where necessary. This makes the frame and structure of the scooter nearly indestructible.

The Engine – The Active 50 is not only an impressive power plant, it is also one of the most reliable engines available. A properly maintained engine which is run on 91+ octane fuel with a proper mix (1:40 – 1:50) will last the life of the scooter.

The Deck – The Evo 2X comes with one of the sturdiest decks available for a scooter. Although it is aluminum, it is unbelievably resilient to scratching and will never bend or crack.

2. Go-Ped GTR46i – Trail Ripper Interceptor

The Goped GTR Interceptor is an on-road, street racing version of the Goped GTR46 Trail Ripper. This high-performance Go-Ped now comes with the following modifications:

• New quieter exhaust system
• Smooth ride AT Primo Duro Trap aggressive treaded street tires
• Higher speed, better fuel economy
• Quieter GSR46R 6-76 sprocket drive ratio

These modifications make the Go-Ped GTR46i perfect for those that want to experience the fully suspended plush ride on paved and unpaved surfaces that comes only from the race proven and patented CIDLI suspension system. Dubbed C.I.D.L.I. for Cantilevered Independent Dynamic Linkless Indispension, this unique front and rear swing arm system is indispensable to this practical and fun light weight off-road machine.

3. Go-Ped Riot

The Go-Ped Riot was introduced along side the Go-Ped GTR46 as a pitbike like “scooter”. Like the GTR46, the Go-Ped Riot features front and rear CIDLI suspension.

Using the patented Trail Ripper adjustable suspension system in the front and rear, it offers riders great off-roading capabilities with 6″ of travel on each end. Powered by the powerful Go-Ped GP460RS engine geared at 6:98, the rugged and highly reliable Go-Ped Riot gives excellent bottom end and a stock top speed of 30mph. The centrifugal clutch provides for a very user friendly yet thrill-packed ride.

4. Martin Monster Beast

The Martin Monster Beast is the most powerful MMI production scooter available. It comes stock with a 52cc Mitsubishi engine which has almost twice the torque as the RC230 powered scooters. Each Beast is hand built by a single technician.

The frame uses the same dual suspension system Martin Monsters has become famous for. The frame is show chromed and hand polished. The drive chain is a robust 35 pitch heavy duty chain with a centrifugal clutch for easy stop-and-go use. The Beast is very powerful but also very quiet with tremendous reserves of power and torque. The Martin Monster Beast comes with an anti-vibration system for a very smooth vibration free ride. Many aftermarket performance parts are available to further customize your Beast.

5. Go-Ped GTR Roadster

The Goped GTR Roadster is an economy version of the Goped GTR46i. With the exception of the smaller Chung Yang GPL290 engine and welded T-bar handlebars, the GTR Roadster is the exact same scooter.

This cool scooter features the race proven, patented, adjustable and bullet proof GTR full 6″ CIDLI suspension frame. To that we’ve installed the incredibly light, yet powerful and quieter GPL290 engine with TT tires and sprocket drive ratios of the GSR Cruiser.

6. Martin Monster Super Shocker

The Martin Monster Super Shocker is a dual purpose machine equally at home, off road, or on. It comes with 10″ pneumatic knobby tires, to handle any terrain. The Super Shocker comes with a heavy duty automatic clutch which allows hands free stop-and-go operation.

This is the first and the best production scooter to use full suspension. The front suspension is telescoping motorcycle style and the rear is mono shock absorbing with up to 4″ of travel. A drilled front disk brake gives sure fast stopping. Power from the Martin Monster Super Shocker is by the Komatsu Zenoah RC230 engine with 2.5HP.

7. EVO 2 Powerboard

The Evo 2 is a third generation gas scooter from Puzey Design. The Evo brand powerboards are the highest quality products on the market and the fastest scooters ever built. The 2-speed gearbox is a patented, unique drive system that is the heart of the Evo 2X. It is the first two speed scooter in the world.

The Evo 2 is a high-performance, two speed scooter released as a more economical version of the Evo 2X. Unlike its big-brother, the Evo 2 does not have front suspension or a scrub board to protect the under-deck area. Rather than the impressive Active 50, the Evo 2 sports the milder Active 40 engine.

Since the Evo 2 does have the two speed transmission of the Evo 2X, it still does perform impressively despite the lack of performance in the Active 40 engine. If the Evo 2 is being used purely for transportation, the Active 40 will provide enough power along with the two speed transmission, but if any real speed is desired, an engine upgrade should be the first step.

That being said, the Evo 2 is one of the most reliable scooters ever produced

8. Go-Ped Super GSR46R

The Go-Ped GSR46R is one of the most powerful street scooters released by Go-Ped. It is intended to be a street-only scooter since it lacks any form of frame-based suspension. When it was released, the GSR46R, Go-Ped marketed it as the fastest production scooter in the world. Although the claim is debatable, it could very well have been true due to the high speeds attainable with the large R460 engine.

Developed on the legendary GSR40Tsi – Interceptor Go-Ped – the Super GSR46R is powered by the same motor as on the fearless Trail Ripper GTR46. Equipped with a patent pending centrifugal clutch chain drive mechanism geared at 6/76, the GP460RS engine delivers 4.2HP and 2.31 ft-lbs torque with a 17,500 redline, providing for excellent performance at low and high speeds. Tunable, it can even reach 5.5+ HP and 2.6+ ft-lbs of torque with the addition of an aftermarket expansion chamber.

The front and rear Mad Dog disc brakes provide excellent braking performance perfectly matched for the power output of the Go-Ped Super GSR46R.

All of Patmont Motor Werks finest racing components come standard: Heavy duty 4130 chromoly steel frame and double sided fork, pneumatic TT tires mounted with magnesium rims and 20″ Motorcycle style “Tim Patmont bend” racing handlebars fitted with a slide tube clamp, billet stem pro clamp, Go-Ped race pad and Pro control levers.

9. Martin Monster Moto

The Martin Monster Moto is a full suspension, chain driven scooter which inherited much of its design from its older brother, the Martin Monster Beast. The Moto’s advanced design features include such technical innovations as an anti-vibration system, which provides for a smooth vibration free ride. Other features include dual disk brakes, heavy duty chain drive, automatic clutch and front & rear suspension.

10. Go-Ped GSR Cruiser

The GSR Cruiser is the perfect machine for the customer wanting a quiet, reliable and economical motorized scooter with good performance, but also for beginners wanting an affordable, safe and easy to learn first scooter. PMW believes it is the perfect machine for a very large segment of motorized scooter enthusiasts.

The Go-Ped GSR Cruiser is also the perfect machine for motor heads and the after market community, as chassis upgrades and screaming engine mods are widely available. The GSR Cruiser’s power plant, the new GPL290, is based on the high performance GP290RS engine, designed to be a very reliable, quiet and economical cruiser. Top speeds for the GSR Cruiser are in the mid 20mph range, and its horse power is similar to the earlier GSR40.

Stopping power comes from the front Mad Dog brake caliper and double ground and hardened stainless steel Wave disc rotor. The rear brake mount is ready for the rear brake upgrade should the customer so choose to modify for more speed which needs more stopping power.